Alumni News

Caffeinated Forests

NREM postdoc uses coffee pulp to speed up reforestation

Caffeinated Forests

In a deteriorated tropical forest in Costa Rica, Rebecca Cole and Rakan Zawahi took 35 truckloads of coffee pulp, spread it onto a degraded pasture, and waited two years to see what would happen. The results are dramatic: the treated plot is now a small forest, while the control ploy remains dominated by non-native pasture grasses. The case study suggests that agricultural by-products could help speed up forest recovery on degraded tropical lands. “One of my motivations for becoming a restoration ecologist was growing up in a coffee-growing community in Costa Rica and experiencing first-hand the devastating consequences of deforestation and land degradation,” says Rebecca, a postdoctoral researcher from the Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, and currently a Restoration Ecologist at the Global Ecosystem Ecology lab at ETH-Zurich. “Finding a potential ‘win-win’ solution for farmers and for the environment is a great positive outcome of this project.”

However, this method may not be the most efficient for Hawaii, since it would likely accelerate the invasion of non-native species, adds Zawahi of the UH School of Life Sciences and Lyon Arboretum.

Indeed, Rebecca, Creighton Litton, and Amanda Knauf of NREM are co-authors on another recent study showing that while reducing soil nutrients slows non-native plant growth more than native plants, adding nutrients has the opposite effect.

* Read the UH News story

* Read the article, “Coffee pulp accelerates early tropical forest succession on old fields,” which appears in a recent Ecological Solutions and Evidence.

* Read the article, “Restoration benefits of soil nutrient manipulation and weeding in invaded dry and wet tropical ecosystems in Hawaiʻi,” which appears in a recent Restoration Ecology.

Turf Battle

PEPS and Extension host turfgrass and landscape pest-mgmt webinars

Turf Battle

Rover ants, frit flies, lobate lac scale, Ficus stem and leaf gall wasps, hala scale, coconut rhinoceros beetle,  and weeds – it ainʻt easy to maintain those fairways.

Zhiqiang Cheng of the Dept. of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences will be joined by Russell Galanti and Hannah Lutgen of Extension as they host the 2021 Turfgrass and Landscape Pest Management online webinar series, each Tuesday thru the rest of April. CEUs from HDOA, LICH, GCSAA, and ISA are available.

“We held the first webinar on Tuesday and it was very well attended!” says Zhiqiang, who was recently featured in a Consumer Reports article. “Please join us if youʻre interested.”

For questions, please contact: Zhiqiang Cheng.

ʻOʻopu Nākea

Tune in April 16 for Cody Chingʻs thesis proposal defense

ʻOʻopu Nākea

Pop Quiz: name the native freshwater fish of Hawaiʻi. Answer: ʻoʻopu, or the Hawaiian Goby. On April 16 at 2:00 p.m., you can learn more about o’opu nakea, one of the five endemic, culturally significant, freshwater species of goby that exhibits an amphidromous life history. Tune in for Cody Ching’s online thesis proposal defense, Examining Rainfall as a Migratory Cue for ʻOʻopu Nākea (Hawaiian Goby; Awaous stamineus), for the Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Management.

Despite their importance in Hawaiian traditions, not much is known about this goby’s migratory patterns and life history, Cody explains. Filling in the knowledge gaps can better inform management and restoration efforts, help predict how populations will be affected due to climate change, and ensure the longevity of this culturally and ecologically important species.

“I am excited to research this native Hawaiian goby – an understudied species despite its cultural significance,” says Cody, also a CTAHR Student Ambassador. “I want to help preserve this ecologically important and culturally significant species for future generations.”

LIVE with Kainoa and Laʻakea

HNFAS professor visits KITV and NPR to recruit study participants

LIVE with Kainoa and Laʻakea

“What Are Native Hawaiian Babies Eating? UH Researchers Want to Know” was the title for a segment on Hawaiʻi Public Radio this past Monday, featuring an on-air interview with Marie Kainoa Fialkowski Revilla of the Dept. of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences. Kainoa says there isn’t enough information about what guides feeding decisions for Native Hawaiian mothers during their baby’s first year. So she’s leading a study, “Exploring Diet Diversity of Native Hawaiian Infants,” with the UH John A. Burns School of Medicine, the UH Cancer Center, and Purdue University.

The researchers hope to recruit pregnant Native Hawaiian women, who will be asked to download the study’s app and upload photos of their meals and their baby’s meals at certain intervals over the course of a year.

“It’s all about improving the health of the next generation – and they’re going to be planting those seeds,” says Kainoa. “And it’s super easy; it’s on your smartphone. We’re always taking pictures of our food anyways and as moms, we’re always wanting to take pictures of what our babies are eating.”

The Sunday evening before, Kainoa was the guest on KITV Island News to discuss the study and recruit participants. She says the data collected can make a difference in the daily health and wellness choices among the Native Hawaiian community.

“Ultimately, I want the work that I do to promote a healthy lahui – a thriving Native Hawaiian community,” says Kainoa, “I believe a way I can do that is through promoting healthy thriving families, healthy thriving babies, and healthy thriving mommies who are giving birth to babies.”

Study participants must be 18 years of age or older, Native Hawaiian, and must feel comfortable using a mobile phone application to take photos of meals throughout the first year of babies life. To sign-up, call (808) 375-3785 or email whrc@ucera.org. The study is funded by the National Institutes of Health through JABSOM and Ola HAWAIʻI.

Photo: Kainoa and Laʻakea Mekaleoalohamaikalewalani Revilla having fun with their food.

Phew! That $$$ Sure Helps

MBBE students reflect on scholarships and their studies

Phew! That $$$ Sure Helps

Ty Shitanaka and Soch Tork are students in the Dept. of Molecular Biosciences and BioEngineering who meet regularly in the laboratory of professor Samir Khanal. Like the rest of UH, they’ve learned to weather Zoom classes and partial in-person labs due to Covid – on top of affording the rent and a square meal. But there’s one thing neither is worried about right now, and that’s scraping together enough dough to pay tuition. Ty was recently awarded a Dean’s Scholarship from the UH Graduate Division, while Soch has been selected to receive a Foreign Language and Area Studies Program Fellowship from the East-West Center.

Ty

“The award covers almost all my tuition for this semester, which I’m very happy for,” says Ty. “This makes it so much easier to focus on my 4.0 GPA, which I’m very determined to maintain.”

The grad student’s enthusiasm is obvious as he explains nanobubble technology, the research adventure he’s pursuing to enhance the biomass and fatty acid production of an algae species found in Hawaiian waters.

“It’s pretty novel, I believe, using tiny bubbles to improve algae growth, which will lead to higher amounts of valuable fats, which we can then use for feeding tilapia, salmon, shrimp and other organisms, as well as extract these products as supplements for people,” he says. “My project has promise to reduce the economic cost of aquafeed, provide a higher nutritional basis, and reduce the ecological pressures on fisheries.”

He adds, “CTAHR has definitely allowed me incredible opportunities to pursue my education, and I’m thankful for everyone’s support.”

Soch

A bioengineering undergrad, CTAHR Student Ambassador, and volunteer in Samir’s lab, Soch “always felt a disconnect between myself and Cambodian-American community because I lost the language at an early age and was not able to talk with them, especially my mom,” he says.

Just for fun, and because UH is a rare institution that teaches the Cambodian language, Soch decided to take a class – and realized he liked it.

“It is an opportunity to reclaim my language and my identity, so when I became eligible for the fellowship, I thought it could be another great opportunity to dive even more into my history and my language,” he says.

His main courses are still in MBBE, as are his career goals, but there’s always time for family. Soch’s goal is to someday bring his mom back to Cambodia – which she fled during the genocide – to show his mom her roots and together, better understand their family.

“I strongly encourage other CTAHR students to pursue anything you’re passionate about, or even curious; the reward opportunities will come your way,” he says. “The FLAS is one of those big scholarships I never thought I could get. And instead of me taking out loans, it will pay for my whole schoolyear.”

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