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Let the Sunshine In

Let the Sunshine In 5 April 2019

Let the Sunshine In

Bright, cheerful, attractive to beneficial insects and birds, and great sources of food for animals and humans—sunflowers have it all! Find out about which varieties are the best to grow at a UH Maui Cooperative Extension floriculture field day on “Sunflower Cultivars for Cut Flower Production” on Thursday, April 18, at the UH Maui College Campus, CTAHR Co-op Extension Building.

Raise Your Hand for Hawai‘i 4-H!

Raise Your Hand for Hawai‘i 4-H! 5 April 2019

Raise Your Hand for Hawai‘i 4-H!

Love 4-H? Raise your hand! The National 4-H Council is sponsoring the “Raise Your Hand” campaign to champion each state’s 4-H program. It will run from April 1 through May 15 this year, and the three states that get the most hands raised will receive $20,000, $10,000, and $5,000 respectively. Best of all, this year the results are prorated by state population, so Hawai‘i has a fair shot at these awards!

New Faces: Sarah Rehkamp

New Faces: Sarah Rehkamp 5 April 2019

New Faces: Sarah Rehkamp

Sustainability in agriculture isn’t just about using practices that don’t harm the environment, crucial though that is; another important aspect is being able to make enough money to keep producing. That’s a big part of what agricultural economics focuses on, and CTAHR will be better equipped to help farmers with this now that Sarah Rehkamp (NREM) will soon be starting as the new assistant Extension agent in Ag Economics.

The Awards of Excellence

The Awards of Excellence 29 March 2019

The Awards of Excellence

This year’s illustrious and deserving awardees for the 2019 CTAHR Banquet have been selected, including Dave Chun (left) for Ka Lei Hano and Barry Brennan (PEPS, right) for Outstanding Alumnus. To congratulate them in person and hear more about their impressive and helpful accomplishments, make sure that you come to the 2019 CTAHR Banquet!

Getting Their Hands Dirty

Getting Their Hands Dirty 29 March 2019

Getting Their Hands Dirty

Kids participating in Maui’s Big Brothers Big Sisters program took a literal field trip—to the GoFarm garden plots at UH-Maui College. GoFarm farm coach P.J. Oliveros showed the kids about farming, inspiring some with a new ambition: to become farmers when they grow up. GoFarm Hawai‘i is an extremely successful beginning farmer training program housed in CTAHR with classes throughout the Islands.

Grow Easy

Grow Easy 6 March 2019

Grow Easy

Fascinated by the idea of hydroponics but worry that it’s too complicated? Emeritus professor Bernie Kratky (TPSS) pioneered ways of designing non-circulating hydroponic systems that are easy to make and use. He recently released a new video, this one describing how to grow a variety of slow-bolting arugula, ‘Adagio’, in a non-circulating hydroponic tank.

Mi Cassava Es Su Cassava

Mi Cassava Es Su Cassava 6 March 2019

Mi Cassava Es Su Cassava

CTAHR has roots around the world! Extension agent Sharon Motomura is a collaborator in the international Next Generation Cassava Breeding Project, which is working to identify and breed new varieties of cassava for smallholder farmers in Africa and around the world that specifically focuses on traits identified as desirable by the farmers and small producers themselves.

For Keiki and Community

For Keiki and Community 6 March 2019

For Keiki and Community

FCS is hiring two junior Extension agents, full time and temporary, to work with intergenerational and youth programs in Lihu‘e and Kona. The new agents should develop, deliver, and evaluate integrated and intergenerational education programs, including 4-H, that meet community needs and enhance the quality of life for stakeholders across the lifespan.

Familiar Faces in New Places: Rosemary Gutierrez-Coarite

Familiar Faces in New Places: Rosemary Gutierrez-Coarite 22 February 2019

Familiar Faces in New Places: Rosemary Gutierrez-Coarite

Welcome to Rosemary Gutierrez-Coarite (TPSS), who began her new career as the Maui County Edible Crops agent on Friday, February 15! Rosemary is right at home in the college, having previously worked as a junior researcher with Mark Wright (PEPS), primarily on integrated pest management of the macadamia felted coccid.

Buy Local Fish, It Matters

Buy Local Fish, It Matters 22 February 2019

Buy Local Fish, It Matters

Fish and other seafoods are integral to the Island diet, but sourcing that fish can be problematic. Aurora Saulo (TPSS) was recently interviewed for Hawaii News Now’s story on how imported frozen seafood can be contaminated with unwanted chemicals, where she explained that antibiotics and other violative drugs are often used.

Man on Fire

Man on Fire 22 February 2019

Man on Fire

Wildfires are a serious concern, in the Islands as well as on the Mainland. Wildland fire expert Clay Trauernicht (NREM) recently gave a presentation on this timely subject on Maui, in which he explained that since 72 percent of wildfires with known causes are accidental, that means they can be prevented, and the time for prevention is now!  

Fifty Years of Nutrition Success

Fifty Years of Nutrition Success 22 February 2019

Fifty Years of Nutrition Success

EFNEP, a successful nationwide community nutrition education program, is celebrating its 50th year in Hawai‘i! The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) helps limited-resource families acquire knowledge and skills and change attitudes and behavior to improve the nutritional well-being of the whole family. 

Make Every Day Ag Day

Make Every Day Ag Day 22 February 2019

Make Every Day Ag Day

O‘ahu Cooperative Extension joined with other CTAHR programs and statewide agricultural agencies to support the Hawaii Farm Bureau’s Ag Day at the Capitol. This educational event allows ag producers, organizations, and educators get to demonstrate just how crucial their work is to community, quality of life, and the economy and the environment of the Islands.

Awareness and Great Taste

Awareness and Great Taste 22 February 2019

Awareness and Great Taste

Agriculture and Environmental Awareness Day shines a light on Hawaiʻi’s agricultural industry and shows keiki how local food production connects communities and the environment. It not only lets kids see where their food comes from; it opens their eyes to possible careers in ag and environmental management, showing them how they can contribute to this important work.

Familiar Faces in New Places: Amjad Ahmad

Familiar Faces in New Places: Amjad Ahmad 14 February 2019

Familiar Faces in New Places: Amjad Ahmad

Welcome to a new role to Amjad Ahmad, who joins O‘ahu Cooperative Extension as an assistant Extension agent in Sustainable and Organic Agriculture. Amjad, a CTAHR PhD alumnus, previously worked for the college as a junior researcher in TPSS. Amjad’s educational background is the area of agronomy, field crops, legume crops production, organic amendments, and nitrogen applications.

Familiar Faces in New Places: Jennifer Hawkins

Familiar Faces in New Places: Jennifer Hawkins 14 February 2019

Familiar Faces in New Places: Jennifer Hawkins

Welcome to a new role to Jennifer Hawkins, who has started her new position within CTAHR as the Edible Crops agent on Moloka‘i! Jennifer used to be the Moloka‘i Hawaiian Home Lands Agriculture junior Extension agent, where she inaugurated a successful program teaching farmers to keep bees as pollinators.

Lettuce Help You

Lettuce Help You 14 February 2019

Lettuce Help You

There have been lots of problems associated with lettuce in the news, from the E. coli outbreaks traced to mainland romaine to local concerns about leafy greens and rat lungworm disease. But O‘ahu Cooperative Extension offered a great way to eat your greens and feel safe about them, too, at the Hydroponic Field Day at the Waimanalo Research Station.

A Fine Day for Swine

A Fine Day for Swine 14 February 2019

A Fine Day for Swine

With their omnivorous appetites and modest housing needs, pigs are an important part of food security in the Islands, and CTAHR Extension is getting swine producers the help they need to keep local pork production safe and sustainable. Livestock Extension agent Savannah Katulski hosted a Kaua‘i Swine Day this month at the Kaua‘i Agricultural Research Station.

New Faces: Raquel Stephenson

New Faces: Raquel Stephenson 7 February 2019

New Faces: Raquel Stephenson

Every office needs someone to keep it running smoothly, which is why the Kamuela Cooperative Extension office is so glad that Raquel Stephenson has joined as the new office assistant IV. Raquel is originally from O‘ahu, but she and her family moved to agricultural land in Waimea on Hawai‘i Island several years ago. She is excited about learning more about the Big Island as well as agriculture on the island.

Who Cares? GRANDCares Cares!

Who Cares? GRANDCares Cares! 7 February 2019

Who Cares? GRANDCares Cares!

Grandparents who are the primary caregivers for their grandchildren face some unique challenges as well as the potential for special joys. Here to help them is the GRANDCares Project, which offers grandparents a variety of useful tools to cope with their unique family situation and added responsibilities. It also provides grandchildren with positive youth-development experiences through its Youth Club. 

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2 April 2020

Micro-Hydroponics in Your Apartment

The first article in CTAHR’s “How to Start Your Own Home Garden” series

Micro-Hydroponics in Your Apartment

Did you ever want to grow your own food? Indoors and without soil? You can…with micro-hydroponics!

Micro-hydroponics allows you to grow miniature vegetable plants (less than 12 inches tall) hydroponically (without soil) in your house, apartment, garage, or lanai. The simplest setup involves a container, seeds, growing medium, nutrients, and light source—and if you don’t have the store-bought kind, you can substitute inexpensive household items.

Container

Got quart or half-gallon cardboard milk or juice cartons? They make excellent containers for growing mini vegetables. Make sure your cartons have a screw cap spout. This makes it easier to add nutrient solutions to the carton, which can be done with a funnel. Cut a hole in the carton large enough to support the cup that holds the growing medium. Make sure the hole is a little smaller than the rim of the cup, so it doesn’t fall in.

Growing Medium & Pots

As plants grow higher, their roots grow lower, and they need something to hold onto. That’s the growing medium.

Foam cubes, like Oasis Cubes, provide an ideal growing medium to germinate vegetable seeds and grow plants. If you can’t find them at a local store or online, alternative growing media include vermiculite, perlite, clay pellets, coconut fiber (coir), or pine wood shavings.

You’ll also need something to hold the growing medium inside the milk cartons and support the seedlings. Small plastic pots like Net Pots are excellent because they have vertical slits on the sides to allow the roots to grow through into the nutrient solution. An inexpensive alternative is small plastic cups with vertical slits cut into the sides.

Seeds

Vegetable seeds can start to grow directly in the growing medium and pots before they’re inserted into the containers. Fill the cubes or the pots partway with growing medium, place on a tray, and plant 1–2 seeds in each one. If you’re using cubes, just insert the seeds into the hole in the cube. Add enough water to thoroughly moisten the medium and pour off any excess. Cover the tray with a clear plastic lid or tent it with plastic wrap. Make sure to leave enough space above the cups or cubes for the plants to sprout.

Did you know? The University of Hawai‘i Seed Laboratory continues to operate during the COVID-19 crisis. High-quality seeds for Hawai‘i’s unique growing conditions can be ordered by mail, email, or phone—and delivered right to your door. Contact the UH Seed Lab at (808) 956-7890, (808) 956-2592 (fax), or seed@ctahr.hawaii.edu. Also check out the Hawai‘i Seed Growers Network, run by CTAHR’s GoFarm Hawai‘i farm coach Jay Bost, which offers great “local seeds for local needs.”

Nutrients

Special hydroponic fertilizers are available from local stores or by mail order. But any general-purpose, water-soluble fertilizer for vegetables is fine. Each one has a different strength, so closely follow the manufacturer’s directions when mixing the nutrient solution.

Light

Vegetables need a lot of light, so if you’re growing them indoors, they’ll do best with artificial lighting. The two best light sources are T5 high-output (HO) fluorescent lights and light-emitting diode (LED) lights.

T5 fluorescent lights are extremely bright compared to the typical T12 fluorescent lights used for room lights or shop lights. LED lights have come down in price quite a lot. They’re efficient in producing bright light, with less energy used and lower electric bills.

If you can’t get T5 fluorescent or LED lighting, place vegetable plants near a window that gets direct sunlight during the day, or try a bright household lamp.

By the way, my first experience growing vegetables indoors was lettuce grown on top of my office file cabinet. Because the room light wasn't bright enough, the lettuce started to change shape into a vine, and it grew down along the side of my file cabinet—all the way to the floor! That’s when I realized that lettuce and other vegetables need much brighter light.

Maintenance

Now sit back and relax, and let the vegetables do their thing. As they grow, periodically add nutrient solution to the milk cartons with a funnel so the cartons remain about ¼ to ½ full.

For more tips and how-to’s, please visit my Micro-Hydroponics website.

Stay safe out there!

Dr. Kent Kobayashi, Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, UH College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources