PŌHINA

Main Image

Main Image

'PŌHINA'

Status: Held in Collections

Background information: 'Pōhina' literally means "gray, misty, foggy, dimly visible, hazy…to fall prone, topple" and refers to the smoky appearance of the cane. This is a closely related cane to 'Uahiapele' according to Moir's classifications and to genetic analysis. Like 'Uahiapele,' this cane grows well in the uplands. The name 'Pohina' is also applied to a variety of kalo and ‘uala. While this cane is mentioned in Hawaiian sources, it does not appear to be esteemed.

Identifying Characteristics: Stalks are reddish-purple and moderately covered in wax. Internodes are slightly barreled with very strongly marked bud furrow and distinctly constricted wax band. 'Pohina' may be confused with 'Uahiapele,' but always lighter in color, less waxy, less barreled, and smaller in stature.

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

dirty brown or dirty red with a tinge of olive green, eventually becoming purple or rarely bronze; wax bloom variable, light to heavy, typically heavy, diminishing from bottom of each internode

Internode

Internode

slightly barreled; bud furrow deep and extending length of internode; wax band wide, merging into the wax bloom, distinctly constricted, olive green when the wax is removed; growth ring purple or dark purple; root band olive green or purple, typically heavily coated in wax, 3–4 rows of eyes

Bud

Bud

narrowly ovate or narrowly deltoid, green turning to purple, moderately to heavily pubescent, distinct group of long hairs from behind tip and short hairs at the base; bud wing purplish, medium broad, inserted near or below the center of the bud

Leaf

Leaf

drooping towards tips, medium length, medium/narrow width, module 24:1–28:1, very sparsely pubescent along the edges, serration medium size and moderate spacing; upper midrib is white, occasionally with a pale yellow hue; sheath light green flushing to purple with exposure, lightly waxy, moderate hairy along the center and upper sides; dewlap dark yellow-green, green, or olive green, crescent deltoid or broad deltoid; outer auricle transitional with a dense group of medium-length hairs; inner auricle is small, rounded, occurring at or slightly below the dewlap

Flesh

Flesh

whitish yellow or very light brown with a dark brown ring near the rind, hard and very sharp, not very juicy, very sweet with a good flavor

Tassel

Tassel

not observed

Growth

Growth

semi-erect and short, heavy stooling, heavy-flowering cane, tends to die back after tasseling

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Internode

Internode

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Growth

Growth

Internode

Internode

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

  • Information

Status: No Known Specimens

Background Information: ‘Ainakea literally means “white (kea) pith/bagasse (‘aina)” or “white land (‘?ina).” According to Fornander this name refers to a particular episode in Hawaiian mythology: K?‘ula and K?ne, two powerful akua, practiced their sorcery on the people of Honua‘ula, Maui, and left the bodies of the dead strewn about and exposed. The duo added further insult by snacking on sugarcane grown by the victims to quench their thirst; since this time the cane has been called ‘Ainakea in reference to the white bones left bleaching in the sun. However, many l?‘au lapa‘au sources indicate that the name refers to the flesh of the cane, which is said to be the whitest of all Hawaiian canes – a particularly rare trait for a dark-skinned variety. An alternative name, Laenihi, refers generally to high-headed labroid fish of the genera Hemipteronotus and Iniistius. Another name, P?kea, is a quantifying term applied to Laenihi that refers to a whitish coloration and was used to denote a specific species of fish. ‘Ainakea was one of the few canes used in medicinal concoctions by the kahuna h?h?, and was important in the treatments for p?‘ao‘ao, ‘ea, hilo, and waiki.

Historical Description: ‘Ainakea is said to be [DE1] one of the prettiest Hawaiian canes, similar in appearance to ‘?hi‘a when it is young but lightening in color as it grows. It was often said to be one of the best-producing native cane varieties and was popular cane home gardens, particularly in dry and lowland areas.

Stalk Color

 

The stalks are described by Moir as “maroon-red and striped with apple-green when young, and changing to purplish-red and yellow when mature”; by Fornander as “red with long white stripes”; and by Spencer as “a ribbon cane, green and purple.” Alternatively, Ka‘aiakamanu compares it to Manulele (a striped cane), and states that the stalks were “dark reddish as the p?polo liquid.”

 

Authored by: Noa Kekuewa Lincoln.  
Please properly cite any use of information or graphics from this page. 

Lincoln, N. (2017) Kō: An Ethnobotanical Guide to Hawaiian Sugarcane Varieties. 
Retrieved from: http://cms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/cane/Home.aspx