NOT MANULELE

Main Image

Main Image

'TOLO MAUGA' ('Not Manulele') 

Status: Held in Collections

Background Information: This cane is held in most collections as 'Manulele,' however it does not match most historical descriptions, which describe it as buff-brown striped with purple. This cane appears morphologically identical to an introduced Samoa sugarcane variety 'Tolo Mauga,' which literally means "mountain sugarcane.”

Identifying Characteristics: Stalk muddy red or purple sparsely striped with greenish yellow. Internodes slightly barreled and smooth with no bud furrow and many corky cracks. Sheaths smooth, heavily waxy. Dewlaps dark colored and ligulate. Distinct cane.

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

muddy red, purple, or dark brown-purple lightly striped with yellow-green, yellow, or bright yellow, yellow stripes rarely taking a rose flush in the sun; wax bloom very light

Internode

Internode

slightly barreled; bud furrow inconspicuous, very shallow; wax band wide, prominent; growth ring bright green or yellow; root band dirty green or dirty yellow, 3­–4 rows of eyes

Bud

Bud

olive green with purple, short, ovate, almost round, pointed tip that barely reaches the growth ring, pubescence light; bud wings olive with purple, moderately broad, inserted near the base of the bud

Leaf

Leaf

grow towards each other wrapping around the stalk, erect when young, drooping from middle when aged, medium/long length, broad width, module 19:1–23:1, thick veins, very slight purple cast, very small serration, sparse hairs along the edge and base; upper midrib often yellowish; sheath light green, often whitish, heavy wax coating, virtually no hairs; dewlap dark, dark green or purple–green, ligulate; outer auricle transitional with a moderate tuft of short hairs; inner auricle transitional with a moderate tuft of short hairs, rarely small rounded, occurs well below the dewlap

Flesh

Flesh

brown

Tassel

Tassel

not observed

Growth

Growth

semi-erect, average amount of thick, short stalks

Growth

Growth

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Bud

Bud

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Growth

Growth

Growth

Growth

Leaf

Leaf

  • Information

Status: No Known Specimens

Background Information: ‘Ainakea literally means “white (kea) pith/bagasse (‘aina)” or “white land (‘?ina).” According to Fornander this name refers to a particular episode in Hawaiian mythology: K?‘ula and K?ne, two powerful akua, practiced their sorcery on the people of Honua‘ula, Maui, and left the bodies of the dead strewn about and exposed. The duo added further insult by snacking on sugarcane grown by the victims to quench their thirst; since this time the cane has been called ‘Ainakea in reference to the white bones left bleaching in the sun. However, many l?‘au lapa‘au sources indicate that the name refers to the flesh of the cane, which is said to be the whitest of all Hawaiian canes – a particularly rare trait for a dark-skinned variety. An alternative name, Laenihi, refers generally to high-headed labroid fish of the genera Hemipteronotus and Iniistius. Another name, P?kea, is a quantifying term applied to Laenihi that refers to a whitish coloration and was used to denote a specific species of fish. ‘Ainakea was one of the few canes used in medicinal concoctions by the kahuna h?h?, and was important in the treatments for p?‘ao‘ao, ‘ea, hilo, and waiki.

Historical Description: ‘Ainakea is said to be [DE1] one of the prettiest Hawaiian canes, similar in appearance to ‘?hi‘a when it is young but lightening in color as it grows. It was often said to be one of the best-producing native cane varieties and was popular cane home gardens, particularly in dry and lowland areas.

Stalk Color

 

The stalks are described by Moir as “maroon-red and striped with apple-green when young, and changing to purplish-red and yellow when mature”; by Fornander as “red with long white stripes”; and by Spencer as “a ribbon cane, green and purple.” Alternatively, Ka‘aiakamanu compares it to Manulele (a striped cane), and states that the stalks were “dark reddish as the p?polo liquid.”

 

Authored by: Noa Kekuewa Lincoln.  
Please properly cite any use of information or graphics from this page. 

Lincoln, N. (2017) Kō: An Ethnobotanical Guide to Hawaiian Sugarcane Varieties. 
Retrieved from: http://cms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/cane/Home.aspx