KALAOA

Main Image

Main Image

'KALAOA'

Status: Held in Collections

Background Information: This name refers to the Kalaoa area on Hawai‘i Island, where this cane was collected by HSPA. Literally, the name means "the choker," and refers to a forked stick for catching eels. It is unclear whether this is a traditional name, as canes were often named after their locales, or if this is a name applied by HSPA when they collected the cane. 'Kalaoa' appears physically identical to 'Pua‘ole,' but initial genetic work examining the chromosome length suggests they are distinct canes.

Identifying Characteristics: Stalks brightly colored, being yellow striped with green and quickly turning pink. Internodes slightly barreled, and wax bands constricted. Sheaths very lightly or not pubescent and moderately to heavily waxy. Leaves often variegated with sparse off-white stripes. Growth is stocky and dense with very erect leaves. 'Kalaoa' is morphologically identical to 'Pua‘ole,' and may be confused with 'Halāli‘i' but is distinguished by slightly weaker variegation and auricle occurring an inch or more below the dewlap.

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

banded yellow and light green, rapidly changes with sun exposure to pink, dark rose, or rarely purple banded with yellow-green or green; often pink, yellow, and green can be seen on a single internode; wax bloom very sparse

Internode

Internode

slightly barreled, barreled or cylindrical; bud furrow variably expressed, often deep and extending the length of the internode; wax band thick, depressed; growth ring striped like stalk but greener, tumescent; root band striped like stalk, stripes occasionally truncating in root band, 3–4 rows of crowded eyes

Bud

Bud

green changing rapidly to pink, ovate, round pointed or truncate tip, rather pubescent with long hairs at the tip and short hairs near the base; bud wings red, moderate, inserted near center of bud

Leaf

Leaf

erect, medium length, broad width, module 15:1–19:1, mildly variegated with white; sheath green or yellow-green, always variegated with white, off-white, or pink, heavily coated in wax, light to moderate group of hairs down center; dewlap yellow-green or green, occasionally with some pink or purple hues, broad double crescent or ascending squarish deltoid; outer auricle transitional with a light to moderate tuft of medium length hairs; inner auricle poorly formed rounded nub that occurs an inch or more below the dewlap

Flesh

Flesh

dark brown, very dark brown ring near the rind transitioning to a lighter brown core, soft, very sweet, very juicy; rind moderately hard, tends to bend instead of snap

Tassel

Tassel

not observed

Growth

Growth

very erect, compact, short, moderately thick stalks

Growth

Growth

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Internode

Internode

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Internode

Internode

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Growth

Growth

Bud

Bud

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Flesh

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Growth

Growth

Stalk Color

Stalk Color

Internode

Internode

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Internode

Internode

Bud

Bud

Leaf

Leaf

Flesh

Flesh

Internode

Internode

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Leaf

Growth

Growth

Growth

Growth

  • Information

Status: No Known Specimens

Background Information: ‘Ainakea literally means “white (kea) pith/bagasse (‘aina)” or “white land (‘?ina).” According to Fornander this name refers to a particular episode in Hawaiian mythology: K?‘ula and K?ne, two powerful akua, practiced their sorcery on the people of Honua‘ula, Maui, and left the bodies of the dead strewn about and exposed. The duo added further insult by snacking on sugarcane grown by the victims to quench their thirst; since this time the cane has been called ‘Ainakea in reference to the white bones left bleaching in the sun. However, many l?‘au lapa‘au sources indicate that the name refers to the flesh of the cane, which is said to be the whitest of all Hawaiian canes – a particularly rare trait for a dark-skinned variety. An alternative name, Laenihi, refers generally to high-headed labroid fish of the genera Hemipteronotus and Iniistius. Another name, P?kea, is a quantifying term applied to Laenihi that refers to a whitish coloration and was used to denote a specific species of fish. ‘Ainakea was one of the few canes used in medicinal concoctions by the kahuna h?h?, and was important in the treatments for p?‘ao‘ao, ‘ea, hilo, and waiki.

Historical Description: ‘Ainakea is said to be [DE1] one of the prettiest Hawaiian canes, similar in appearance to ‘?hi‘a when it is young but lightening in color as it grows. It was often said to be one of the best-producing native cane varieties and was popular cane home gardens, particularly in dry and lowland areas.

Stalk Color

 

The stalks are described by Moir as “maroon-red and striped with apple-green when young, and changing to purplish-red and yellow when mature”; by Fornander as “red with long white stripes”; and by Spencer as “a ribbon cane, green and purple.” Alternatively, Ka‘aiakamanu compares it to Manulele (a striped cane), and states that the stalks were “dark reddish as the p?polo liquid.”

 

Authored by: Noa Kekuewa Lincoln.  
Please properly cite any use of information or graphics from this page. 

Lincoln, N. (2017) Kō: An Ethnobotanical Guide to Hawaiian Sugarcane Varieties. 
Retrieved from: http://cms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/cane/Home.aspx